AN RATAYAWA SARKIN KANO SUNUSI LAMBAR GIRMA TA K.B.E.

HADEJIA A YAU!

AN RATAYA WA SARKIN KANO SUNUSI LAMBAR GIRMA TA K.B.E.

A cikin watan Satumba/1958, bubban Razdan na Kano Sir. Gawain Bell ya ratayawa Sarkin Kano Muhammadu Sunusi lambar Girma ta K.B.E. anyi gagarumin Hwan Daba inda aka kewaya gari daga nan aka nufo Ƙofar Fada inda anan ne aka ratayawa Sarki wannan lamba. Mutanen da sukayi kallon Dabar sun kwatanta ta da Dabar da aka yiwa Sarauniya. Sarakunan Ƙasar nan da yawa da manyan Ma'aikatan Gwamnati ne suka halarci wannan taro, a cikinsu harda Firimiyan Jihar Arewa Sir. Ahmadu Bello da Ministocinsa, har ma da Mukaddashin firayim Minista Sir. Abubakar Tafawa Ɓalewa.

Kimanin mutane Dubu Talatin (30,000) ne suka halarci taron shagalin Baiwa Sarki Sunusi wannan lambar Girma, ciki da wajen Jihar Arewa, abin sha'awa Sarkin Musulmi Sir. Abubakar da ya halarci taron ance rabonsa da Kano shekara 16 kenan. Firayim Minista bai samu zuwa ba amma Muhammadu Ribadu ya wakilce shi. Cikin manyan Baƙi harda Chif Jojin Sudan wadda Gwamnatin Arewa ta gayyato domin binciken Al'amuran Shari'ah a wannan Jiha, da kuma Wakilin Amurka a Nijeriya. Bayan an kimtsa duk manyan Baƙi sun zauna a Cikin Ƙwatattun Rumfuna sai Gwamnan Arewa ya nufo Ƙofar Mata inda aka je aka taryoshi akan Dawaki, Sarkin Kano da Hakimai da mahaya Dawaki duk aka tafi taryen Gwamna. Bayan sun gaisa da Sarki shima Gwamna sai ya hau Doki aka nufi ƙofar Kudu inda ake Shagalin bikin, ‘yan Doka masu Badujala ne suka share musu hanya suna tafe suna kiɗa da busa, Gwamna na tafe tare da Muƙaddashin Razdan na Kano Mr. melinctock. Sarki kuma na biye dasu da Dogarai da ‘yan Sulke da ‘yan Kwalkwali har zuwa ƙofar Kudu. 

Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar tare da Sarkin Gwandu sune suka kai Sarki Sunusi Rumfar da za’a rataya masa Lambar Girman, daga nan sai Razdan ya miƙe ya karanta saƙon Sarauniya na bayar da Lambar, sannan sai Gwamna ya miƙe ya Ratayawa Sarkin Kano Sunusi lambar, sai wuri ya kaure da Tafi da shewa da kiɗe kiɗe da Bushe bushe don murna.

WANNAN DARAJA TA KOWA CE.

Sarkin Kano Sunusi ya miƙe yayi jawabi inda ya fara da godewa Allah (swa), sannan yace “Ina godiya ga Allah wadda da ikonsa ne wannan abu ya kasance a rana irin ta yau, sannan ina ƙara godiya ga Mai Martaba Sarauniya saboda wannan Daraja da ta bani, tare da shaidar Amincewa a rataya min a gaban Jama’a. Wannan Daraja ta shafi kowa ba ƙasar Kano kawai ba, harda duk Jihar Arewa. Na tabbatar da wannan shine lokaci na biyu da aka bada irin wannan Lambar girma a Jihar Arewa, mu duka munyi farin ciki da Alfahari a lokacin da Sarkin Ingila King George na 6 ya baiwa Sarkin Musulmi irin wannan lambar, to ina Alfahari da cewa nine na Biyu da aka baiwa wannan lamba, nayi Alƙawari zanyi matuƙar ƙoƙarin da zan iya in nuna na dace da wannan lamba da aka bani.

ZAMA MASU ZUMUNCI DA INGILA.

Da Sarkin Kano Sir. Muhammadu Sunusi ya Juyo wajen Maganar Samun Mulkin Kai sai yace, "Yau saura watanni goma sha takwas 18, muke zaton samun cikakken mulkin kai na Nijeriya. Mun lura da irin wahalce wahalcen dake gabanmu, amma duk lokacin da na hangi waɗannan wahalce wahalce nakan ji daɗi idan na tuna ƙasar nan zata zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da suke haɗa kai da Ingila. Da taimakonsu da kuma Jagoransa, in Allah ya yarda ƙasarmu zatayi ta ci gaba da Arziƙi."

Bayan Sarkin Kano Sunusi ya gama Jawabi sai aka Sallami kowa, duka manyan Baƙi suka tafi masauƙi. Da daddare kuwa Jam'iyyar NPC ta shirya wata ƙasaitacciyar rawa a Randabu Hotel saboda murnar bayar da lamba girma ga Sarkin Kano Muhammadu Sunusi. Alhaji Mai-wada M.H.A. shine ya shugabanci bikin Rawar.

MADOGARA...
Gaskiya Ta fi Kobo
EAP/485-11-397

HADEJIA TOWN ASSESMENT REPORT BY H.N. BRICE SMITH, A.D.O. DECEMBER 1916.

HADEJIA A YAU!

   

1. No previous Assesment Report of Hadejia Town has been written, the only records available are those contained in Mr. A.C.G. Hastings General Assesment Repotr of the Hadejia Emirate compiledin March 1910.

2. The town is situated almost in the centre of the Emirate, and is surrounded by the Districts of Teffida Mabudee and Sarkin Dawaki.

3. The river Hadejiaa flowing east, lies as its nearest point a little more than a quarter of a mile from the south west gate. It begins to flow in the middle of June and continues until the end of November. During the rest of the year water is obtainable from pools or by digging in the river bed.

4. There are in addition 83 wells in the town itself, There is therefore an ample water supply available all the year round.

5. The Town had three Walls:-

(1) Dating from pre Fulani times, had four gates. It can be traced at the present  day by certain pits, Maikilabo on the west near the present Alkali's house, Attefi on the south near Gidan Sarkin Busa, and Dellah on the east near the house of the present Galladima. It was about one mile in circumference.

(2) Built by the fulani Sarki Sambo of Hadejia is difficult to trace except on the east where it follows approximately the eastern limit of houses, and on the west where it passes a "Chediya" tree east of the present market. it had five gates. Its perimeter was 2 miles 170 yards approximately. 

(3) Also built by Sarki Sambo is the present wall but when first built it did not extend on the east side of the town beyond the previous wall. the Habe settlement of Fantai remained outside it on the east. This wall was finally extended to its present size by Sarki Haruna, father of Sarki Muhammadu, who fell in the fighting with the Administration in 1906.

Haruna enclosed a large open space on the east to harbour fugitive villagers in case of war. There are five (5) gates. Its perimeter is now 4 miles 135 yards.

(4) The wall was divided up into section, for the repair of which certain villagers used to be responsible. The various gates are still in care of certain of the Sarakuna.

1. The Kofar Arewa.............. Sarkin Arewa

2. Kofar Gabas.................... Madawaki

3. Kofar Kudu.................... Teffida

4. Kofar Kogi................... Galadima

5.  Kofar Yamma.............. Sarkin Dawaki.

(5) It has been necessary frequently in the past to build temporary walls outside on the South side to prevent flood water from entering the town.

(6) For Three (3) months during the Bazara season of the present year 1916 a mirage (Hausa 'Kauwalwarniya') was visible on the open space between the eastern side of the town and the wall. A similar phenomenon was last seen 32 years ago when the Shehu of Bornu capture the town of Kadera in Adiyani District or Chiroma District. It was expected to portend some exceptional event and was followed by one of the heaviest rain falls within memory.

(7) The town is almost entirely composed of flat roof-ed mud houses and is well kept and clean.

(8) The market is situated inside the town neaar the west gate. The booth are of mud with a few grass (Rumfuna). It is held daily, but the Chief market day is Sunday. The slaughter ground has recently been removed from the market to a spot on the west side, outside the town walls.

(9) Sanitation is on the whole good, the town is noticably free from odours.

(10) Hadejia possesses no Historical document, Authentic History dates only from the founding of the Fulani dynasty early in the 19th Century. It has been recorded in Captain J.M. Fremanle's History of Katagum and in Mr. A.C.G. Hasting's assesment report on Hadejia Emirate written in 1910.

(11) Additional information has been obtained for this report from the following authorities;-

(a) The Galadiman Hadejia-- Usuman

(b) Moman Jekada (one of the Emir Abdulkadir's retinue)

(c) An aged man named Mallam, one of the few surviving descendants of the Habes of pre-fulani times.

The town was founded by a hunter named HADE, a Barebari from Machina (Bornu). Hadejia wandered south hunting, and finding a favourable hunting ground, hung up his quiver on certain 'Tsamiya' tree under which he was resting. His Dog wandered off and his master noticed on its return that it had found water to quench its thirst. He followed the dog which led him to a river. He thereupon returned to Machina and reported to his family that he had found a suitable place for a house, and subsequently  returned with them to the spot. This place proved to be in the country of Auyo, a flourishing Habe town at the time which had been founded about 1,400 A.D. He took to wife a lame woman of the Auyokawa, who lived in a small hamlet nearby. A town sprang up and he was made first Sarki of Hadejia. He was followed by a series of 32 Habe Chiefs, of whom only the names of three are known today, i.e. BAUDE, MUSA And ABUBAKAR. During the reign of Abubakar of Hadejia and Jibrin of Auyo, the fulani arrived from Gobir (via Massina) seeking grazing grounds..................Hadejia A yau.         continued.....  

HADEJIA IN THE YEAR 1856.

HADEJIA A YAU!

 TRAVEL AND DISCOVERIES OF NORTH AND CENTRAL AFRICA... BY HENRICH BARTH.

(PAGE 236)

With regard to the Empire of Sokoto, there happened at this time a catastrophe which while it was an unmistakable proof of the devility of that vast agglomeration of provinces, proved at the same time extremely favourable to Bornu; For on the first day of August the news arrived that Buwari or Bukhari the exile Governor of Hadejia, who had conquered the town and killed his Brother Ahmadu, had thrown back with great loss, an immense army sent against him by Aliyu, the Emperor of Sokoto, under the command of his prime minister Abdu Gedado, and composed of the forces of the provinces of Kano, Bauchi,Katagum, Marmar and Buberu, when several hundreds were said to have perish in the Komadugu, or the great fiumara of Bornu.

TRAVEL AND DISCOVERY IN NORTH AND CENTRAL AFRICA.....  By Heinrich Barth 1856. Chapter XXVI. Page 196.

Hadeja, a  large  town surrounded with a beautiful  and very strong double clay wall, and well  inhabited, the  courtyards being  inclosed  with  clay  walls,  but containing only reed huts.

The inhabitants employ  themselves exclusively in warlike expe¬ditions, and have no industry; but nevertheless there are  still to be seen here a few dyeing-pots, marking the eastern limit  of  this branch of industry.  On the south side of the town is a kogi, or komadugu,  with a  stream of running water in the  rainy  season,but  with only stagnant  pools in summer, along which a little wheat is  cultivated.  It is generally called Wani.

  6th. Garu-n-ghabbes,  a middle-sized  walled  town,  the  first place of Bornu, on this side 3 with a good deal of cultivation around. Though without importance in other respects, it is so in  an his¬torical point of view ; for this place being identical with the town Biram ta ghabbes, mentioned  above, is  regarded as  the oldest place of the seven original settlements  of the Hausa nation.

BUKHARI OF HADEJIA... (By Henry Barth)

HADEJIA A YAU!

Travel and discovery in North and central  Africa. By Henry  Barth.......... 

March 18.] BENZARI— BUKHARI OF HADEJA. 323 

Any protection in the neighbourhood of some villages. After we had passed the empty market-place of the little walled town Kabbori, the surface of the ground had a very peculiar look, being covered entirely with colocynths, which were just in maturity. About a mile and a half further on we took up our quarters in Benzari, a town belonging to the province of Mashena, or Maseena, and were well received and hospitably treated by the Ghaladima. The town is separated into two parts by a spacious opening, wherein is the principal well which supplies almost the whole population, but its depth is considerable, being more than twenty fathoms. Here we filled our water-skin the next morning before we set out. 

Tuesday ', March 18. — Scarcely had we left Benzari behind us when my ears were struck by the distant sound of drums and singing, and I learnt on inquiry that it was Bukhari, or, as the Bornu people call him, Buwari, the deposed governor of Hadeja and the brother of Ahmedu, the present ruler of that town. Bokhari's name was then new, not only to me, but even to the natives of the neighbouring provinces. He had been governor of Hadeja, but being a clever and restless man he, or rather his jealous brother,  excited the suspicion of his liege lord 'Aliyu, the ruler of Sokoto, who had deposed him and given the govern-ment to his brother Ahmedu,where upon Bokhari had nothing else to do but to throw himself upon the hospitality and protection of the Bornu people, who received him with open arms, the governor of Mashena, with the sanction of his liege lord the sheikh of Bornu, assigning to him a neighbouring place, Yerimari, for his residence.

This is an incident of very frequent occurrence in these loosely connected empires; but it is particularly so with the Fulbe, among whom one brother often cherishes the most inveterate hatred against another. Exactly the same thing we have seen already in Katsena. Bokhari having remained some time quietly in this place, strengthening his party and assisted underhand with arms and men by the vizier of Bornu, had just now set out to try his fortune against his brother, and was beating the drums in order to collect as many people as possible. Predatory incursions are nothing new in these quarters, where several  provinces and entirely distinct empires have a common frontier; but this, as the event proved, was rather a memorable campaign fortfie whole of this part of Negroland, and was to become "the beginning of sorrows" for all the country around. For Bokhari having taken the strongtrong town of Hadeja, and killed his brother, was not only able to defend himself in his new position, vanquishing all the armies sent against him, and amongst them the whole military force of the empire of Sokoto, which was led on by the vizier in person, 'Abdu the son of Gedado, Clapperton's old friend, but spread terror and devastation to thevery gates of Kano. Indeed, on my second journey through these regions, I shall have the sad duty of describing the state of misery into which districts, which on my former visit I had found flourishing and populous, had been reduced by this warlike chieftain, who instead of founding a strong kingdom and showing himself a great prince, chose rather, like most of his countrymen, to  his power on the destruction. eir 'of 

324. TRAVELS OF AFRICA. [185]  

and devastation of the country around him, and to make himsetf a slave- dealer on a grand scale. Tens of thousands of unfortunate people, pagans as well as Mohammedans, unprotected in their wellbeing by their lazy and effeminate rulers, have from the hands of Bokhari passed into those of the slave-dealer, and have been carried away from their native home into distant regions. Kept in alarm by the drumming, and making some not very tranquilling reflections on the weakness of our little band, which consisted three men and a boy, in the turbulent state of the country through which we were passing, we continued silently on, while the character of the landscape had nothing peculiarly adapted to cheer the mind. 

Cultivation beginning to cease, nothing was to be seen but an immense level tract of country covered with the monotonous Asclepias gigantea with only a single poor Balanites now and then. But the scene became more animated as we approached Chifowa, (Shafowa) a considerable town sur-rounded by a low earthen wall, which I was greatly astonished to hear belonged still to the territory of Gummel, and was also assigned to Bokhari during his exile. The boundary between the provinces must run here in a very waving line. 

All that I observed here testified that the Hausa population still greatly  predominated; and as we had to turn close round the place on the north side, where the ground rose, we had a fine view over the whole interior of the town. It presented a very animated spectacle; and a large number of horsemen were assembled here, evidently in connection with the enterprise of Bokhari, while men and women were busy carrying water into the town from a considerable distance. Of  cultivation, however, very few traces appeared ; but a good many cattle and sheep, and even some camels, were seen grazing about. In Kase-Itiwa also, the next town, we were complimented with the usual Hausa salute. Having then passed through a monotonous tract of country covered with tall reed-grass and with the Asclepias, we reached the town of Yelkazl at half-past nine o'clock in the morning. Here the governor of the province of Mashena, who generally has his residence in the town of the same name, was staying at present, apparently on account of the expedition of Bokhari, which he was assisting under-hand ; and I accordingly had to pay him my compliments, as my horseman, who was a servant of Dan-Tanoma, could not well conduct me any further. We therefore entered the town by the north gate, and found people very busy repairing the fortification, consisting of two walls and three ditches of considerable depth, two of which ran outside round the outer wall, while the third was enclosed between the two walls. 

Having presented ourselves at the residence of the governor, which was situated in the middle of the town, and consisted altogether of reed-work, we obtained good quarters, with a spacious and cool shed, which was the only thing we wanted ; for being anxious not to lose any more time, I had resolved to start again in the afternoon. In order, therefore, to obtain a guide as soon as possible, I went to pay my compliments to the governor, whose name was Mohammed. After a little delay.

March 1 8.] THE  GOVERNOR OF MASHENA.—TAGANAMA. 32