THE ORIGIN OF FULANI (Asalin Fulani)

Who Are the Fulani People? Origins The history of the Fulani seems to begin with the Berber people of North Africa around the 8th or 11th century AD. As the Berbers migrated down from North Africa and mixed with the peoples in the Senegal region of West Africa the Fulani people came into existence. Over a thousand year period from AD 900 - 1900, they spread out over most of West Africa and even into some areas of Central Africa. Some groups of Fulani have been found as far as the western borders of Ethiopia. As they migrated eastward they came into contact with different African tribes. As they encountered these other peoples, they conquered the less powerful tribes. Along the way many Fulani completely or partially abandoned their traditional nomadic life in favor of a sedentary existence in towns or on farms among the conquered peoples.

The nomadic Fulani continued eastward in search of the best grazing land for their cattle. Their lives revolved around and were dedicated to their herds. The more cattle a man owned, the more respect he was given.

Today, some estimate as many as 18 million Fulani people stretch across the countries of West Africa. They remain to be the largest group of nomadic people in the world. What Do the Fulani Believe? Religion and Beliefs:

The Fulani were one of the first African tribes to convert to Islam and are today more than 99% Muslim. The devout Muslim Fulani have seen themselves as the propagators and preservers of the Islamic faith in West Africa from as early as the fourteenth century. Historically it was a Fulani chief named Usuman dan Fodio, along with nomadic Fulani herdsmen who were instrumental in facilitating the spread of Islam across West Africa through evangelism and conquest. At times they would wage "holy wars" or jihad in order to extend and purify Islam. As the Fulani migrated eastward they spread their Islamic beliefs. As they became more powerful and attained more wealth they began to be more aggressive with their religion. 

Their adoption of Islam increased their feeling of cultural and religious superiority to surrounding peoples, and that adoption became a major ethnic boundary marker. Some settled in towns and quickly became noted as outstanding Islamic clerics, joining the highest ranking Berbers and Arabs.

WAKAR SAUDATU ADO BAYERO

1. Daren jiya ba na yau bane gun kwanan
yaro daban da bubba.

2. Bismillah zana shirya waka sarki Allah
kaban basira inyi wakar saude 'yar nikatau.

3. Ina dada godiya ga Allah sarki shi ya halicci saude.

4. Ga saude sarauniyar kano mai saukin kai ce da son mutane.

5. Ga mai fara'a da son mutane Bata gaji tsiya da tsangwama ba.

6. A kyauta ba kamar ki saude kanwar
sarkin kano na yanzu.

7. Kanwar Sarkin Bichi na yau Nasiru Ado dan uwan ki Saude. 

8. Ga mai haske kamar Azurfa Dadin suna kamar Tagullah.

9. Taurari ko suna da haske basu kai hasken farin wata ba.

10. Inda mata suna sarauta a kano sai mun nada ki saude.

11. A zaria sunyi Quen Amina muma a kano muna da saude.

12. A gabas na dangana da Borno ba
kyakkyawa kamarki saude.

13. A yamma najeni har Ilorin ni banga ba
wadda tayyi saude.

14. A nan kudu har zuwa Adamawa banga ba wadda tayi saude.

15. A arewa na dangana Nijar duka babu
Diyar da tayi saude.

16. Kai duk matan dake Kano nai jam'i duk ba kamar ki saude.

17. Hotonki ana comment akanshi na kirga Comment dubu a yanzu.

18. Ga allura cikin duhu sai mai zurfin
hankali ka tsinta.

19. Ga saude bakin zare a matoya sai mai
hankali ka tsinta.

20. Ni burina a duniya inga kina mulkin
kano sa'ade.

21. Allah ba yadda bai iya ba a zazzau shi ya bai Amina.

22. A Ingila ga Elizabeth nan Allah shi zaya baiwa Saude. 

23. Ansa giwa cikin zubo taci guda bakin
rabonta kelau.

24. Allah in yai nufi ga iko nai babu abinda
zai hana shi.

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SOME OF THE OLD SETTLEMENTS IN HADEJIA EMIRATE

HADEJIA A YAU!

We are severely constrained in the producing a coherent, meaningful and definite pattern of the process of the evolution of Hadejia emirate due to the limitation by our main source-oral tradition. Most of the traditions collected hardly touch on the process of the evolution of Kasar Hadejia. But in spite of this difficulty, we intend to take a second look at the source through a new-interpretation in the hope of coming out with a better understanding of the process of the evolution of Hadejia emirate. Towards this end, we shall attempt to discuss the process of the evolution of certain Old settlement in the emirate, with a view to paving way towards grasping the process of the evolution of Kasar Hadejia as whole.

Prior to the jihadist conquest at the beginning of the 19th century, the territory now known as Hadejia emirate consisted of several separate and distinct Kingdoms whose rulers received titles from and owed allegiance to the Habe Galadima of Borno.

The former Habe Kingdoms included Auyo,Garin Gabas(Biram),Hadejia,Kazura,Gaturwa,Marma,Dawa and Fagi. The process of the evolution of these Kingdoms of seems to be obscure except perhaps for the Kingdoms of Hadejia,Auyo and Garin Gabas.

At the time of the foundation of Hadejia,a number of small settlements were said to have existed in the territory that came to be known as Hadejia emirate. For example,on the North-eastern side of Hadejia town, there was Madagwaigwai, whose present site is near Rubban Dakata a village about 10kilometres east of Hadejia Kiri kasamma road. While on the eastern side of the town was Maskangayu (kulunfardu), a village said to have been established by Damagarawa immigrants whose ancestors now live in Hadejia (ILALLAH).

The old site of Kulunfardu was located near Tandanu, just by the valley of River Hadejia, about 15kilometres from TURABU.

There was a tradition in Turabu which said that, at the side of kulunfardu, there was a large Tamarind (Tsamiyar linzamai) whose branches were said to have bent due to the weight of the Luggage of soldiers of Mai Ali of Borno when they camped there on their way to attack Kano during the reign of Sarkin Kano Muhammadu Kambari Dan shariff(1731-1734) By the western side of Hade's camp was KADIME (still located to the site) which was about 9kilometre from Hadejia. By the Northern side of Hadejia was Majeri a few kilometre from Mallam madori, and by the southern side were Auyakayi(Tunawa), Unik(Arki), Majawa and Auyo.

These settlement were clearly established in the surrounding areas much earlier than Hadejia town.

End of page One.

A short History of Hadejia 1800-1906. By Musa Usman Mustapha.
Ana saida shi a k.liman.

SARKIN HADEJIA BUHARI DA WAZIRIN SOKOTO A KATAGUM KASHI NA (2)

HADEJIA A YAU!

A kashi na farko kunji yanda Buhari suka kare da Wazirin sokoto da Mutanen Katagum: da kuma komawar sarki Buhari shabawa wato iyakar Hadejia da Gumel da kuma Damagaram.

YAKIN TAKOKO:- Bayan an Nada Ahmadu a matsayin Sarkin Hadejia, sauran Magoya bayan Buhari sai suma suka bar Hadejia suka koma Shafowa inda Buhari yake suka zauna tare. Sarkin Hadejia Buhari anan ya zauna tsakanin Takoko da Shafowa a Arewacin Hadejia da mutanensa kuma yake tafiyar da wannan yankin. Kuma iyakar Hadejia ce da Damagaram da Machina ta Arewa maso Gabas wato yankin Niger da kuma Borno. Kuma Buhari ya bada Gudun mawa sosai a wannan Yankin wajen Maidasu Musulmi. Inda yayi ta jihadinsa a yankin, kuma a wannan zama da yayi a Shafowa Buhari ya samu kyakkyawar dangantaka da Sarkin Machina da kuma Shehun Borno Umar wanda ya mulki Borno a wannan shekara (1835-1880) wannan dangantaka ta kara baiwa Buhari karfin gwiwa.


A shekarar 1851, Sarkin Musulmi Alu Bubba ya yanke shawarar daukan matakin Karshe akan Buhari, saboda yana tunanin Shehun Borno zaiyi amfani da Buhari ya rusa Daular Sokoto saboda ya zame musu Barazana a Arewa Maso Gabas. A wannan lokacin kuma DanGaladiman Sokoto ya hada Mayaka daga Hadejia,Kano,Katagum,Misau da Jama'are zuwa shafowa.

A wannan lokacin kuma Buhari ya fita kudu da shafowa shi da Sarkin Machina yana garin Takoko shida Jarumansa. A lokacinda Dangaladiman sokoto suka fito su yaki Buhari sai ya zabi Sarkin Jama'are Samboli ya jagoranci yakin, saboda shi ya fisu sanin Yankin. A ranar da zasu yaki buhari kuma a ranar Buhari ya shirya mamaye Garuruwanda suke kudu da Hadejia, sai aka hadu a Garin Takoko. Yayin da aka hadu aka gwabza fada Buhari yaci Galaba a kansu duk suka gudu, Sarkin Hadejia Ahmadu yayi kokarin ya Gudu Kasar Kano amma sai Barde Risku ya bishi ya Kashe shi.

Bayan Yakin Takoko yazo karshe kuma an kashe Sarkin Hadejia Ahmadu Amma ba'a son ran Buhari ba kuma aka masa Sallah aka kaishi Hadejia aka binne shi, sannan sai Buhari ya koma Hadejia yaci gaba da Mulki. Sakamakon wannan yakin, dangantaka ta sake baci tsakanin Hadejia da Sokoto, kuma Sarkin Musulmi yaki yarda da ya nada Buhari Sarkin Hadejia. Sai ya nada Tukur Na yayari, kanin Sarki Ahmadu kuma yace ya zauna a Mashama a Kasar Katagum a Matsayin sarkin Hadejia ya Gaji wansa Ahmadu. Amma Tukur bai yarda ya zama Sarkin Hadejia ba saboda yana tsoron Buhari, sai yaga bazai iya yin haka ba. Kuma saboda Gudun kar Buhari ya kasheshi sai Tukur ya Gudu daga Mashema yayi kaura zuwa Kano Lokacin Sarkin Kano Usman Na1(1846-1855) Sai aka Turashi ya Mulki Yayari a Kasar Birnin Kudu. (Yayarin Tukur) Tukur ya zauna acan Har zuwa lokacinda ya Mutu 1909. Buhari kuma yaci gaba da mulkin Hadejia yana kai hare hare a matsayin Jihadi Har saida yakai Gabasawa,Sankara,Ringim da Kuka kwance A Arewa maso yamma. A Kudu saida ya mamaye Kununu,Takalafiya, Kafin baka, Doma, Ruba, Itas da Kwanda. A Gabas kuwa saida ya Mamaye Babuwari, Kazura, Dawah, Gatare da Margadu. Saida Sarki Buhari ya fadada kasar Hadejia tafi Ko ina fadin Kasa a karni na19.

GAMON KAFUR:-